Define appropriate neuromodulation dose parameters for TUS

Develop and validate appropriate neuromodulation dose parameters for transcranial ultrasound stimulation that quantitatively capture exposure–response relationships and can be adopted for standardized reporting, given that the mechanisms by which ultrasound affects brain function are not yet sufficiently understood to define such parameters.

Background

Unlike diagnostic ultrasound, for which standardized exposure metrics (e.g., MI, TI) exist, transcranial ultrasound stimulation lacks established dose parameters because the mechanisms of ultrasound-induced neuromodulation are only beginning to be understood. As a result, exposure–response quantification and standardized dosing frameworks are currently unavailable.

Establishing appropriate dose parameters would enable comparability across studies, aid protocol design, and support safety and efficacy evaluations.