Uncertain formation history of IGR J16194-2810

Determine the formation history of the symbiotic X-ray binary IGR J16194-2810 that is consistent with its measured properties, including the 192.73-day orbital period, a neutron star mass of approximately 1.23 solar masses, a red-giant mass of approximately 1.0 solar mass, and its wide, nearly edge-on orbit, in light of the challenges posed by survival through common-envelope evolution and potential neutron-star natal kicks.

Background

Symbiotic X-ray binaries in wide orbits challenge standard binary evolution scenarios because they must survive a common-envelope episode and the formation of a neutron star, which can impart disruptive natal kicks. Gaia discoveries of wide neutron star–main sequence systems highlight similar formation puzzles.

Although this study constrains masses, inclination, and evolutionary prospects for IGR J16194-2810, the specific past evolutionary pathway of the system remains unresolved, motivating further investigation into viable progenitor channels and supernova kick histories consistent with the observed configuration.