Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background generated by Cosmic String Networks: Velocity-Dependent One-Scale model versus Scale-Invariant Evolution

Abstract: We compute the power spectrum of the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by cosmic string networks described by the Velocity-Dependent One-Scale (VOS) model, for a wide range of macroscopic and microscopic parameters. The VOS model --- which has been shown to provide an accurate macroscopic description of the evolution of cosmic string networks --- is used to demonstrate that cosmic string networks are unable to rapidly attain scale-invariant evolution after the transition between the radiation and matter eras. However, in computations of the stochastic gravitational wave background, it is often assumed that the networks experience scale-invariant evolution throughout cosmological history. We demonstrate that this assumption leads to an underestimation of the amplitude and broadness of the peak of the spectrum, that may consequently lead to inaccurate observational constraints on the cosmic string tension.