Generation of Fine Particles with Specified Characteristics

Abstract: The research is devoted to the generation of fine particles and droplet flows with specified characteristics for a wide range of scientific problems. The aspects of aerodynamic fine atomization and the effects of atomizing gas density, gas velocity and mass flow rate, and liquid film thickness on the droplet formation are investigated. The hypothesis of highly efficient utilization of secondary droplets from a coarse polydisperse flow to produce fine particles is suggested and experimentally confirmed. A prototype device to implement the idea of separating the desired droplets fraction from a primary polydisperse flow was developed. In the case of fine liquid atomization, the developed spraying system enabled an increase in the gas-droplet flow concentration. The possibility of producing particles with different dispersiveness and morphology by employing the methods of spray separation and dilute solution atomization is demonstrated. The criteria of the system settings to generate the droplet flow with specified characteristics were determined. A Laval nozzle design is suggested for liquid atomization. A series of numerical experiments showed that a significant decrease in gas pressure (density) at the nozzle outlet provides an increase in the gas flow rate. The numerical estimation showed that the Laval nozzle proposed can improve the fine atomization efficiency by 30 percent.