Partitions and Objective Indefiniteness in Quantum Mechanics

Abstract: Classical physics and quantum physics suggest two meta-physical types of reality: the classical notion of a objectively definite reality with properties "all the way down," and the quantum notion of an objectively indefinite type of reality. The problem of interpreting quantum mechanics (QM) is essentially the problem of making sense out of an objectively indefinite reality. These two types of reality can be respectively associated with the two mathematical concepts of subsets and quotient sets (or partitions) which are category-theoretically dual to one another and which are developed in two mathematical logics, the usual Boolean logic of subsets and the more recent logic of partitions. Our sense-making strategy is "follow the math" by showing how the logic and mathematics of set partitions can be transported in a natural way to Hilbert spaces where it yields the mathematical machinery of QM--which shows that the mathematical framework of QM is a type of logical system over the complex numbers. And then we show how the machinery of QM can be transported the other way down to the set-like vector spaces over Z_2 showing how the classical logical finite probability calculus (in a "non-commutative" version) is a type of "quantum mechanics" over Z_2, i.e., over sets. In this way, we try to make sense out of objective indefiniteness and thus to interpret quantum mechanics.