Nuclear dynamics in the EMC effect at Next-to-Next-to-Leading order

Abstract: We study in details the parameterizations of the nuclear parton distributions at the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) of $\alpha_s$. In low $x$ and $Q_0^2$, we observe negative gluon distribution at this order which signals the saturation condition or the quark-gluon plasma condition. Our study also shows the gluon distribution at (NNLO) is less than next-to-leading order (NLO) of $\alpha_s$, and the sea quark distribution at (NNLO) is larger than (NLO).