Dual-axis, high data-rate atom interferometer via cold ensemble exchange

Abstract: We demonstrate a dual-axis accelerometer and gyroscope atom interferometer, which forms the building blocks of a six-axis inertial measurement unit. By recapturing the atoms after the interferometer sequence, we maintain a large atom number at high data-rates of 50 to 100 measurements per second. Two cold ensembles are formed in trap zones located a few centimeters apart, and are launched toward one-another. During their ballistic trajectory, they are interrogated with a stimulated Raman sequence, detected, and recaptured in the opposing trap zone. We achieve sensitivities at $\mathrm{\mu \mathit{g} / \sqrt{Hz}}$ and $\mathrm{\mu rad / s / \sqrt{Hz}}$ levels, making this a compelling prospect for expanding the use of atom interferometer inertial sensors beyond benign laboratory environments.