Structure, microstructure and electrical properties of new lead-free (1-x)(Li0.12Na0.88)NbO3-xBaTiO3 (0 to x to 40) piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract: A new lead-free (1-x)Li0.12Na0.88NbO3-xBaTiO3 (0 to x to 40) piezoelectric ceramics have been prepared using conventional ceramics processing route. Structural analysis revealed an existence of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), separating orthorhombic and tetragonal phases, between the BaTiO3 content, x = 10-12.5. A partial phase diagram has been established based on temperature-dependent permittivity data for this new system and a nearly vertical temperature-independent MPB is observed. An improvement in electrical properties near MPB (e.g., for x = 12.5; {\epsilon}r = 10489 at Tm, d33 = 30 pC/N, kp = 12.0 %, Qm = 162, Pr = 11.2 {\mu}C/cm2, Ec = 19.2 kV/cm, d*33 = 269 pm/V) is observed and is attributed to the ease of polarization rotation due to coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases. The results show that these materials could be suitable for piezoelectric vibrators and ultrasonic transducers applications. The sample with x = 25, also shows high dielectric permittivity, {\epsilon}r = 3060, and low dielectric loss, tan{\delta} = 0.033 which could be suitable for capacitor (X7R/Z5U) applications.