Experimental Observation of Two-Dimensional Anderson Localization with the Atomic Kicked Rotor

Abstract: Dimension 2 is expected to be the lower critical dimension for Anderson localization in a time reversal-invariant disordered quantum system. Using an atomic quasiperiodic kicked rotor -- equivalent to a two-dimensional Anderson-like model -- we experimentally study Anderson localization in dimension 2 and we observe localized wavefunction dynamics. We also show that the localization length depends exponentially on the disorder strength and anisotropy and is in quantitative agreement with the predictions of the self-consistent theory for the 2D Anderson localization.