B-Valued Free Convolution for Unbounded Operators

Abstract: Consider the $\mathcal{B}$-valued probability space $(\mathcal{A}, E, \mathcal{B})$, where $\mathcal{A}$ is a tracial von Neumann algebra. We extend the theory of operator valued free probability to the algebra of affiliated operators $\tilde{\mathcal{A}}$. For a random variable $X \in \tilde{\mathcal{A}}^{sa}$ we study the Cauchy transform $G_{X}$ and show that the operator algebra $(\mathcal{B} \cup {X})"$ can be recovered from this function. In the case where $\mathcal{B}$ is finite dimensional, we show that, when $X, Y \in \tilde{\mathcal{A}}^{sa}$ are assumed to be $\mathcal{B}$-free, the $\mathcal{R}$-transforms are defined on universal subsets of the resolvent and satisfy $$ \mathcal{R}{X} + \mathcal{R}{Y} = \mathcal{R}_{X + Y}. $$ Examples indicating a failure of the theory for infinite dimensional $\mathcal{B}$ are provided. Lastly, we show that the class of functions that arise as the Cauchy transform of affiliated operators is, in a natural way, the closure of the set of Cauchy transforms of bounded operators.