The sharp affine $L^2$ Sobolev trace inequality and variants

Abstract: We establish a sharp affine $L^p$ Sobolev trace inequality by using the $L_p$ Busemann-Petty centroid inequality. For $p = 2$, our affine version is stronger than the famous sharp $L^2$ Sobolev trace inequality proved independently by Escobar and Beckner. Our approach allows also to characterize all cases of equality in this case. For this new inequality, no Euclidean geometric structure is needed.