Chernoff approximation of subordinate semigroups and applications

Abstract: In this note the Chernoff Theorem is used to approximate evolution semigroups constructed by the procedure of subordination. The considered semigroups are subordinate to some original, unknown explicitly but already approximated by the same method, counterparts with respect to subordinators either with known transitional probabilities, or with known and bounded L\'evy measure. These results are applied to obtain approximations of semigroups corresponding to subordination of Feller processes, and (Feller type) diffusions in Euclidean spaces, star graphs and Riemannian manifolds. The obtained approximations are based on explicitly given operators and hence can be used for direct calculations and computer modelling. In several cases the obtained approximations are given as iterated integrals of elementary functions and lead to representations of the considered semigroups by Feynman formulae.