Topological phases: Classification of topological insulators and superconductors of non-interacting Fermions, and beyond

Abstract: After briefly recalling the quantum entanglement-based view of topological phases of matter in order to outline the general context, we give an overview of different approaches to the classification problem of topological insulators and superconductors of non-interacting Fermions. In particular, we review in some detail general symmetry aspects of the "ten-fold way" which forms the foundation of the classification, and put different approaches to the classification in relationship with each other. We end by briefly mentioning some of the results obtained on the effect of interactions, mainly in three spatial dimensions.