Chiellini integrability condition, planar isochronous systems and Hamiltonian structures of Liénard equation

Abstract: Using a novel transformation involving the Jacobi Last Multiplier (JLM) we derive an old integrability criterion due to Chiellini for the Li\'enard equation. By combining the Chiellini condition for integrability and Jacobi's Last Multiplier the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of the Li\'enard equation is derived. We also show that the Kukles equation is the only equation in the Li\'enard family which satisfies both the Chiellini integrability and the Sabatini criterion for isochronicity conditions. In addition we examine this result by mapping the Li\'enard equation to a harmonic oscillator equation using tacitly Chiellini's condition. Finally we provide a metriplectic and complex Hamiltonian formulation of the Li\'enard equation through the use of Chiellini condition for integrability.