On the symplectic covariance and interferences of time-frequency distributions

Abstract: We study the covariance property of quadratic time-frequency distributions with respect to the action of the extended symplectic group. We show how covariance is related, and in fact in competition, with the possibility of damping the interferences which arise due to the quadratic nature of the distributions. We also show that the well known fully covariance property of the Wigner distribution in fact characterizes it (up to a constant factor) among the quadratic distributions $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\rightarrow C_{0}({ \mathbb{R}^{2n}})$. A similar characterization for the closely related Weyl transform is given as well. The results are illustrated by several numerical experiments for the Wigner and Born-Jordan distributions of the sum of four Gaussian functions in the so-called "diamond configuration".