English-Medium Instruction Calculus: Is flipping helpful?

Abstract: This paper addresses some of the experiences encountered and some of the strategies utilized while using flipped classroom pedagogy in an undergraduate Single Variable Calculus (SVC) course in a Confucian Heritage Culture (CHC) environment. Due to issues related to instructor-student communication and students' learning styles, a theoretical framework is built upon three components for learning environments: inverted Bloom's taxonomy for educational learning objectives, English-medium instruction (EMI) and integrating technology in the classroom. In this study, four different types of instruction were designed; three classes were flipped while the fourth acts as a control. Type A means entirely flipped with instructor-created videos and integrating CAS {\sl Maxima}. Type B means entirely flipped with third-party videos. Type C is similar to Type A, but instead of the entire course being flipped, a single topic is flipped. Type D uses the traditional lecture style. By considering exam scores and students' feedback, both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the flipped pedagogy were investigated. Quantitative analysis indicates a statistically significant difference in the exam scores between instruction Type A and Type C as determined by one-way ANOVA ($F(3,306) = 2.67$, $p = 0.0477$) with small practical significance of the effect size ($\eta^2 = 0.0255$). Qualitative findings suggest that although students' engagement and communication with instructors have been enhanced, some challenges related to language and culture, along with minimizing competition and learning about a new technological tool remain to persist.