Tunable free energy and heat flux between two-dimensional materials

Abstract: We study the free energy across a stratified media made by graphene (G) and/or molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). The flux depends not only on the number of G/MoS2 layers but also on the priority of graphene layer respect to MoS2 layer in the media. The rule is; the thinner layer should be the nearest neighborhood of leftmost and rightmost sides of the media for getting the highest energy flux. The free energy can be tuned by applying an external gate voltage to MoS2 layers due to the tunable property of the dielectric constant of MoS2 by the gate voltage. Also we show in the silicon/MoS2/silicon three-body configuration, the photon heat tunneling is amplified significantly due to the increasing the number of the coupled modes. Due to the amplifying effect, this mechanism could be exploited to improving detection ability in the near infrared detection systems.