Proper inclusions of Morrey spaces

Abstract: In this paper, we prove that the inclusions between Morrey spaces, between weak Morrey spaces, and between a Morrey space and a weak Morrey space are all proper. The proper inclusion between a Morrey space and a weak Morrey space is established via the unboundedness of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on Morrey spaces of exponent 1. In addition, we also give a necessary condition for each inclusion. Our results refine previous inclusion properties studied in [Gunawan et al, \emph{Math. Nachr.} {\bf 290} (2017), 332--340].