Modeling Dust Polarization Observations of Molecular Clouds through MHD Simulations

Abstract: The BLASTPol observations of Vela C have provided the most detailed characterization of the polarization fraction $p$ and dispersion in polarization angles $S$ for a molecular cloud. We compare the observed distributions of $p$ and $S$ with those obtained in synthetic observations of simulations of molecular clouds, assuming homogeneous grain alignment. We find that the orientation of the mean magnetic field relative to the observer has a significant effect on the $p$ and $S$ distributions. These distributions for Vela C are most consistent with synthetic observations where the mean magnetic field is close to the line-of-sight. Our results point to apparent magnetic disorder in the Vela C molecular cloud, although it can be due to either an inclination effect (i.e., observing close to the mean field direction) or significant field tangling from strong turbulence/low magnetization. The joint correlations of $p$ with column density and of $S$ with column density for the synthetic observations generally agree poorly with the Vela C joint correlations, suggesting that understanding these correlations require a more sophisticated treatment of grain alignment physics.