Measurements of $b$-jet tagging efficiency with the ATLAS detector using $t\bar{t}$ events at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV

Abstract: The efficiency to identify jets containing $b$-hadrons ($b$-jets) is measured using a high purity sample of dileptonic top quark-antiquark pairs ($t\bar{t}$) selected from the 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Two methods are used to extract the efficiency from $t\bar{t}$ events, a combinatorial likelihood approach and a tag-and-probe method. A boosted decision tree, not using $b$-tagging information, is used to select events in which two $b$-jets are present, which reduces the dominant uncertainty in the modelling of the flavour of the jets. The efficiency is extracted for jets in a transverse momentum range from 20 to 300 GeV, with data-to-simulation scale factors calculated by comparing the efficiency measured using collision data to that predicted by the simulation. The two methods give compatible results, and achieve a similar level of precision, measuring data-to-simulation scale factors close to unity with uncertainties ranging from 2% to 12% depending on the jet transverse momentum.