Centered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on the real line: lower bounds

Abstract: For $1<p<\infty$ and $M$ the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on $\mathbb{R}$, we consider whether there is some $\varepsilon=\varepsilon(p)\>0$ such that $|Mf|_p\ge (1+\varepsilon)||f||_p$. We prove this for $1<p<2$. For $2\le p<\infty$, we prove the inequality for indicator functions and for unimodal functions.