DLR equations and rigidity for the Sine-beta process

Abstract: We investigate Sine$\beta$, the universal point process arising as the thermodynamic limit of the microscopic scale behavior in the bulk of one-dimensional log-gases, or $\beta$-ensembles, at inverse temperature $\beta>0$. We adopt a statistical physics perspective, and give a description of Sine$\beta$ using the Dobrushin-Lanford-Ruelle (DLR) formalism by proving that it satisfies the DLR equations: the restriction of Sine$\beta$ to a compact set, conditionally to the exterior configuration, reads as a Gibbs measure given by a finite log-gas in a potential generated by the exterior configuration. Moreover, we show that Sine$\beta$ is number-rigid and tolerant in the sense of Ghosh-Peres, i.e. the number, but not the position, of particles lying inside a compact set is a deterministic function of the exterior configuration. Our proof of the rigidity differs from the usual strategy and is robust enough to include more general long range interactions in arbitrary dimension.