Skeins on Branes

Abstract: We study 1-parameter families of holomorphic curves with Lagrangian boundary in Calabi-Yau 3-folds. We show that the expected codimension-1 phenomena can be organized to match the HOMFLYPT skein relations from quantum topology. It follows that counting holomorphic curves by the class of their boundaries in the skein module of the Lagrangian gives a deformation invariant result. This is a mathematically rigorous incarnation of Witten's assertion that boundaries of open topological strings create line defects in Chern-Simons theory. Using this theory, we rigorously establish the following prediction of Ooguri and Vafa: the coefficients of the HOMFLYPT polynomial of a link in the three-sphere count the holomorphic curves in the resolved conifold, with boundary on (a pushoff of) the link conormal.