Giant Enhancement of Third Harmonic Generation from Ge2Sb2Te5 based Fabry-Perot Cavity

Abstract: Third-order harmonic generation (THG) plays a vital role in microscopy, optical communications etc. Conventional methods of obtaining efficient THG in macroscopic crystal is already mature; however, they will finally limit the miniaturization and integration of on-chip laser sources. To date, THG from either photonic crystals or metamaterials provide compact photonic platforms, however selection of materials remains elusive. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate a giant enhancement of THG efficiency from an air/high index Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225) /gold multi-layered Fabry-Perot cavity. At cavity resonant wavelength in near-infrared regime, the efficiency of THG from a 50 nm thick amorphous GST225 planar film is boosted by 422 times compared to that of nonresonant conditions. Interestingly, the THG efficiency has a dramatic decrease of three orders when the structural state of GST225 is transformed from amorphous to crystalline. Our findings have a potential for achieving ultra-compact nonlinear optical source with high efficiency and switchable functionality.