Consequences of the Detailed Balance for the Crooks Fluctuation Theorem

Abstract: We show that the assumptions of the detailed balance and of the initial equilibrium macrostate, which are central to the Crooks fluctuation theorem (CFT), lead to all microstates along a trajectory to have equilibrium probabilities. We also point out that the Crooks's definition of the backward trajectory does not return the system back to its initial microstate. Once corrected, the detailed balance assumption makes the CFT a theorem only about reversible processes involving reversible trajectories that satisfy Kolmogorov's criterion. As there is no dissipation, the CFT cannot cover irreversible processes, which is contrary to the common belief. This is consistent with our recent result that the JE is also a result only for reversible processes.