Real zeros of random trigonometric polynomials with pairwise equal blocks of coefficients

Abstract: It is well known that the expected number of real zeros of a random cosine polynomial $ V_n(x) = \sum_ {j=0} ^{n} a_j \cos (j x) , \ x \in (0,2\pi) $, with the $ a_j $ being standard Gaussian i.i.d. random variables is asymptotically $ 2n / \sqrt{3} $. On the other hand, some of the previous works on the random cosine polynomials with dependent coefficients show that such polynomials have at least $ 2n / \sqrt{3} $ expected real zeros lying in one period. In this paper we investigate two classes of random cosine polynomials with pairwise equal blocks of coefficients. First, we prove that a random cosine polynomial with the blocks of coefficients being of a fixed length and satisfying $ A_{2j}=A_{2j+1} $ possesses the same expected real zeros as the classical case. Afterwards, we study a case containing only two equal blocks of coefficients, and show that in this case significantly more real zeros should be expected compared to those of the classical case.