Improved Reconstruction for high-resolution Multi-shot Diffusion Weighted Imaging

Abstract: Purpose: To introduce a fast and improved direct reconstruction method for multi-shot diffusion weighted (msDW) scans for high-resolution studies. Methods:Multi-shot EPI methods can enable higher spatial resolution for diffusion MRI studies. Traditionally, such acquisitions required specialized reconstructions involving phase compensation to correct for inter-shot motion artifacts. The recently proposed MUSSELS reconstruction belongs to a new class of parallel imaging-based methods that recover artifact-free DWIs from msDW data without needing phase compensation. However, computational demands of the MUSSELS reconstruction scales as the matrix size and the number of shots increases, which hinders its practical utility for high-resolution applications. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient formulation using iterative reweighted least squares (IRLS) method. The new formulation is not only fast but it enables to accommodate additional priors such as conjugate symmetry property of the k-space data to improve the reconstruction. Using whole-brain in-vivo data, we show the utility of the new formulation for routine high-resolution studies with minimal computational burden. Results: The IRLS formulation provides about six times faster reconstruction for matrix sizes 192x192 and 256x256, compared to the original implementations. The reconstruction quality is improved by the addition of conjugate symmetry priors that reduce blurring and preserves the high-resolution details from partial Fourier acquisitions. Conclusion: The proposed method is shown to be computationally efficient to enable routine high-resolution studies. The computational complexity matches the traditional msDWI reconstruction methods and provides improved reconstruction results.