Categorical Donaldson-Thomas theory for local surfaces

Abstract: We develope $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant categorical Donaldson-Thomas theory for local surfaces, i.e. the total spaces of canonical line bundles on smooth projective surfaces. We introduce $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant DT categories for local surfaces as Verdier quotients of derived categories of coherent sheaves on derived moduli stacks of coherent sheaves on surfaces, by subcategories of objects whose singular supports are contained in unstable loci. Via Koszul duality, our construction may be regarded as certain gluing of $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant derived categories of factorizations. We also develope $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant DT theory for stable D0-D2-D6 bound states on local surfaces, including categorical Pandharipande-Thomas theory. The key result toward the construction is the description of the stack of D0-D2-D6 bound states on the local surface as the dual obstruction cone over the moduli stack of pairs on the surface. We propose several conjectures on wall-crossing of PT categories, motivated by categorifications of wall-crossing formula of PT invariants and d-critical analogue of D/K equivalence conjecture in birational geometry. We establish three ways toward the categorical wall-crossing conjecture: semiorthogonal decomposition via linear Koszul duality, window theorem for DT categories, and categorified Hall products. These techniques indicate several implications, e.g. rationality of generating series of PT categories, wall-crossing equivalence of DT categories for one dimensional stable sheaves, and categorical MNOP/PT correspondence for reduced curve classes.