A New Fast Unweighted All-pairs Shortest Path Search Algorithm Based on Pruning by Shortest Path Trees

Abstract: We present a new fast all-pairs shortest path algorithm for unweighted graphs. In breadth-first search which is said to representative and fast in unweighted graphs, the average number of accesses to adjacent vertices (expressed by {\alpha}) is about equal to the average degree of the graph. On the other hand, our algorithm utilizes the shortest path trees of adjacent vertices of each source vertex, and reduce {\alpha} drastically. Roughly speaking {\alpha} is reduced to the value close to 1, because the average degree of a tree is about 2, and one is used to come in and the other is used to go out, although that does not hold true when the depth of the shortest path trees is small. We compared our algorithm with breadth-first search algorithm, and our results showed that ours outperforms breadth-first search on speed and {\alpha}.