Correlated dynamics of fermionic impurities induced by the counterflow of an ensemble of fermions

Abstract: We investigate the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics of a single and two heavy fermionic impurities being harmonically trapped and repulsively interacting with a finite ensemble of majority fermions. A quench of the potential of the majority species from a double-well to a harmonic trap is applied, enforcing its counterflow which in turn perturbs the impurities. For weak repulsions it is shown that the mixture undergoes a periodic mixing and demixing dynamics, while stronger interactions lead to a more pronounced dynamical spatial separation. In the presence of correlations the impurity exhibits an expansion dynamics which is absent in the Hartree-Fock case resulting in an enhanced degree of miscibility. We generalize our results to different impurity masses and demonstrate that the expansion amplitude of the impurity reduces for a larger mass. Furthermore, we showcase that the majority species is strongly correlated and a phase separation occurs on the two-body level. Most importantly, signatures of attractive impurity-impurity induced interactions mediated by the majority species are identified in the time-evolution of the two-body correlations of the impurities, a result that is supported by inspecting their spatial size.