On the Improved Rates of Convergence for Matérn-type Kernel Ridge Regression, with Application to Calibration of Computer Models

Abstract: Kernel ridge regression is an important nonparametric method for estimating smooth functions. We introduce a new set of conditions, under which the actual rates of convergence of the kernel ridge regression estimator under both the L_2 norm and the norm of the reproducing kernel Hilbert space exceed the standard minimax rates. An application of this theory leads to a new understanding of the Kennedy-O'Hagan approach for calibrating model parameters of computer simulation. We prove that, under certain conditions, the Kennedy-O'Hagan calibration estimator with a known covariance function converges to the minimizer of the norm of the residual function in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space.