Comparison of Syntactic and Semantic Representations of Programs in Neural Embeddings

Abstract: Neural approaches to program synthesis and understanding have proliferated widely in the last few years; at the same time graph based neural networks have become a promising new tool. This work aims to be the first empirical study comparing the effectiveness of natural LLMs and static analysis graph based models in representing programs in deep learning systems. It compares graph convolutional networks using different graph representations in the task of program embedding. It shows that the sparsity of control flow graphs and the implicit aggregation of graph convolutional networks cause these models to perform worse than naive models. Therefore it concludes that simply augmenting purely linguistic or statistical models with formal information does not perform well due to the nuanced nature of formal properties introducing more noise than structure for graph convolutional networks.