The Limits of LoRaWAN in Event-Triggered Wireless Networked Control Systems

Abstract: Wireless sensors and actuators offer benefits to large industrial control systems. The absence of wires for communication reduces the deployment cost, maintenance effort, and provides greater flexibility for sensor and actuator location and system architecture. These benefits come at a cost of a high probability of communication delay or message loss due to the unreliability of radio-based communication. This unreliability poses a challenge to contemporary control systems that are designed with the assumption of instantaneous and reliable communication. Wireless sensors and actuators create a paradigm shift in engineering energy-efficient control schemes coupled with robust communication schemes that can maintain system stability in the face of unreliable communication. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the low-power wide-area communication protocol LoRaWAN with an event-triggered control scheme through modelling in Matlab. We show that LoRaWAN is capable of meeting the maximum delay and message loss requirements of an event-triggered controller for certain classes of applications. We also expose the limitation in the use of LoRaWAN when message size or communication range requirements increase or the underlying physical system is exposed to significant external disturbances.