Construction of continuous-state branching processes in varying environments

Abstract: A continuous-state branching process in varying environments is constructed by the pathwise unique solution to a stochastic integral equation driven by time-space noises. The process arises naturally in the limit theorem of Galton--Watson processes in varying environments established by Bansaye and Simatos (2015). In terms of the stochastic equation we clarify the behavior of the continuous-state process at its bottlenecks, which are the times when it arrives at zero almost surely by negative jumps.