Topological charge analysis of dynamic process of transition to Néel-type skyrmion: role of domain wall skyrmions

Abstract: Magnetic skyrmions are intriguing topological spin textures that promise future high-density spintronic devices. The creation of magnetic skyrmions has been understood based on the energetics of skyrmions, but the detailed dynamic process of the skyrmion creation remains unclear. Here topological evolution in conversion from uneven domains to N\'eel-skyrmions is investigated using micromagnetic simulations. We find that, rather than the overall topological charge, annihilation of novel topological defects, i.e., recently suggested domain wall skyrmions, dominantly govern the skyrmion creation process. Also, the topological charge evolution is interpreted in terms of the number and the combination of such topological defects.