Finite-time two-spin quantum Otto engines: shortcuts to adiabaticity vs. irreversibility

Abstract: We propose a quantum Otto cycle in a two spin-$1/2$ anisotropic XY model in a transverse external magnetic field. We first characterize the parameter regime that the working medium operates as an engine in the adiabatic regime. Then, we consider finite-time behavior of the engine with and without utilizing a shortcut to adiabaticity (STA) technique. STA schemes guarantee that the dynamics of a system follows the adiabatic path, at the expense of introducing an external control. We compare the performance of the non-adiabatic and STA engines for a fixed adiabatic efficiency but different parameters of the working medium. We observe that, for certain parameter regimes, the irreversibility, as measured by the efficiency lags, due to finite-time driving is so low that non-adiabatic engine performs quite close to the adiabatic engine, leaving the STA engine only marginally better than the non-adiabatic one. This suggests that by designing the working medium Hamiltonian one may spare the difficulty of dealing with an external control protocol.