Emergent long-range interaction and state-selective localization in a strongly driven $ XXZ $ model

Abstract: The nonlinear effect of a driving force in periodically driven quantum many-body systems can be systematically investigated by analyzing the effective Floquet Hamiltonian. In particular, under an appropriate definition of the effective Hamiltonian, simple driving forces may result in non-local interactions. Here we consider a driven $ XXZ $ model to show that four-site interactions emerge owing to the driving force, which can produce state-selective localization, a phenomenon where some limited Ising-like product states become fixed points of dynamics. We first derive the effective Hamiltonian of a driven $ XXZ $ model on an arbitrary lattice for general spin $ S $. We then analyze in detail the case of a one-dimensional chain with $ S=1/2 $ as a special case and find a condition imposed on the cluster of four consecutive sites as a necessary and sufficient condition for the state of the whole system to be localized. We construct such a localized state based on this condition and demonstrate it by numerical simulation of the original time-periodic model.