Spectral flow inside essential spectrum VI: on essentially singular points

Abstract: Let $H_0$ be a self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space $\mathcal H$ endowed with a rigging $F,$ which is a zero-kernel closed operator from $\mathcal H$ to another Hilbert space $\mathcal K$ such that the sandwiched resolvent $F (H_0 - z)^{-1}F^*$ is compact. Assume that $H_0$ obeys the limiting absorption principle (LAP) in the sense that the norm limit $F (H_0 - \lambda - i0)^{-1}F^*$ exists for a.e.~$\lambda.$ Numbers~$\lambda$ for which such limit exists we call $H_0$-regular. A number~$\lambda$ we call semi-regular, if the limit $F (H_0 + F^*JF - \lambda - i0)^{-1}F^*$ exists for at least one bounded self-adjoint operator $J$ on $\mathcal K;$ otherwise we call~$\lambda$ essentially singular. In this paper I discuss essentially singular points. In particular, I give different conditions which ensure that a real number~$\lambda$ is essentially singular, and discuss their relation to eigenvalues of infinite multiplicity which are known examples of essentially singular points.