Fueling the Next Quantum Leap in Cellular Networks: Embracing AI in 5G Evolution towards 6G

Abstract: Cellular networks, such as 5G systems, are becoming increasingly complex for supporting various deployment scenarios and applications. Embracing AI in 5G evolution is critical to managing the complexity and fueling the next quantum leap in 6G cellular networks. In this article, we share our experience and best practices in applying AI in cellular networks. We first present a primer on the state of the art of AI in cellular networks, including basic concepts and recent key advances. Then we discuss 3GPP standardization aspects and share various design rationales influencing standardization. We also present case studies with real network data to showcase how AI can improve network performance and enable network automation.