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Euler's transformation, zeta functions and generalizations of Wallis' formula

Published 24 Jan 2022 in math.NT and math.CA | (2201.09674v5)

Abstract: In this note, we extend Euler's transformation formula from the alternating series to more general series. Then we give new expressions for the Riemann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ by the generalized difference operator $\Delta_{c}$, which provide analytic continuation of $\zeta(s)$ and new ways to evaluate the special values of $\zeta(-m)$ for $m=0,1,2,\ldots$. Applying these results, we further extend Huylebrouck's generalization of Wallis' well-known formula for $\pi$ in the half planes Re$(s)>0$ and Re$(s)>-1$, respectively. They imply several interesting special cases including $$ \frac{2\pi}{3{\frac{3}{2}}}=\frac{3{\frac{4}{3}}}{2{\frac{4}{3}}} \frac{2{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot3{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot3{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot4{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot6{\frac{2}{3}}\cdot6{\frac{2}{3}}}{4{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot4{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot5{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot5{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot4{\frac{2}{3}}\cdot5{\frac{2}{3}}}\cdots, $$ $$ 3{\gamma-\frac{\log 3}{2}}=\frac{3{\frac{1}{3}}\cdot3{\frac{1}{3}}}{2{\frac{1}{2}}\cdot4{\frac{1}{4}}} \frac{6{\frac{1}{6}}\cdot6{\frac{1}{6}}}{5{\frac{1}{5}}\cdot7{\frac{1}{7}}}\frac{9{\frac{1}{9}}\cdot9{\frac{1}{9}}}{8{\frac{1}{8}}\cdot10{\frac{1}{10}}}\cdots, $$ and $$ \left(3\left(\frac{2\pi e{\gamma}}{A{12}}\right){2}\right){\frac{\pi2}{18}}=\frac{3{\frac{1}{32}}\cdot3{\frac{1}{32}}}{2{\frac{1}{22}}\cdot4{\frac{1}{42}}} \frac{6{\frac{1}{62}}\cdot6{\frac{1}{62}}}{5{\frac{1}{52}}\cdot7{\frac{1}{72}}}\frac{9{\frac{1}{92}}\cdot9{\frac{1}{92}}}{8{\frac{1}{82}}\cdot10{\frac{1}{10 where $\gamma$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $A$ is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant.

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