Decay estimates for matrix coefficients of unitary representations of semisimple Lie groups

Abstract: Let $G$ be a connected semisimple Lie group with finite centre and $K$ be a maximal compact subgroup thereof. Given a function $u$ on $G$, we define $\mathcal{A} u$ to be the root mean square average over $K$, acting both on the left and the right, of $u$. We show that for all unitary representations $\pi$ of $G$, there exists a unique minimal positive-real-valued spherical function $\phi_{\lambda}$ on $G$ such that $\mathcal{A} \langle \pi(\cdot) \xi, \eta \rangle \leq \Vert \xi \Vert_{\mathcal{H}\pi} \Vert \eta \Vert{\mathcal{H}\pi} \phi{\lambda}$. This estimate has nice features of both asymptotic pointwise estimates and Lebesgue space estimates; indeed it is equivalent to pointwise estimates $\vert \langle \pi(\cdot) \xi, \eta \rangle \vert \leq C(\xi, \eta) \,\phi_{\lambda}$ for $K$-finite or smooth vectors $\xi$ and $\eta$, and it exhibits different decay rates in different directions at infinity in $G$. Further, if we assume the latter inequality with arbitrary $C( \xi, \eta )$, we can prove the former inequality and then return to the latter inequality with explicit knowledge of $C( \xi, \eta )$. On the other hand, it holds everywhere in $G$, in contrast to asymptotic estimates which are not global. We also provide some applications.