Higher order Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules, Imaginary modules and Monoidal Categorification for $U_q(A_n^{(1)})$

Abstract: We study the family of irreducible modules for quantum affine $\lie{sl}_{n+1}$ whose Drinfeld polynomials are supported on just one node of the Dynkin diagram. We identify all the prime modules in this family and prove a unique factorization theorem. The Drinfeld polynomials of the prime modules encode information coming from the points of reducibility of tensor products of the fundamental modules associated to $A_m$ with $m\le n$. These prime modules are a special class of the snake modules studied by Mukhin and Young. We relate our modules to the work of Hernandez and Leclerc and define generalizations of the category $\mathscr C^-$. This leads naturally to the notion of an inflation of the corresponding Grothendieck ring. In the last section we show that the tensor product of a (higher order) Kirillov--Reshetikhin module with its dual always contains an imaginary module in its Jordan--Holder series and give an explicit formula for its Drinfeld polynomial. Together with the results of \cite{HL13a} this gives examples of a product of cluster variables which are not in the span of cluster monomials. We also discuss the connection of our work with the examples arising from the work of \cite{LM18}. Finally, we use our methods to give a family of imaginary modules in type $D_4$ which do not arise from an embedding of $A_r$ with $r\le 3$ in $D_4$.