Thickness theorems with partial derivatives

Abstract: In this paper, we prove some new thickness theorems with partial derivatives. We give some applications. First, we give a simple criterion that can judge whether two scaled Cantor sets have non-empty intersection. Second, we prove under some checkable conditions that the continuous image of arbitrary self-similar sets with positive similarity ratios is a closed interval, a finite union of closed intervals or containing interior. Third, we prove an analogous Erd\H{o}s-Straus conjecture on the middle-third Cantor set. Finally, we consider the solutions to the Diophantine equations on fractal sets. More specifically, for various Diophantine equations, we cannot find a solution on certain self-similar sets, whilst for the Fermat's equation, which is associated with the famous Fermat's last theorem, we can find infinitely many solutions on many self-similar sets.