Comparative evaluation of different methods of "Homomorphic Encryption" and "Traditional Encryption" on a dataset with current problems and developments

Abstract: A database is a prime target for cyber-attacks as it contains confidential, sensitive, or protected information. With the increasing sophistication of the internet and dependencies on internet data transmission, it has become vital to be aware of various encryption technologies and trends. It can assist in safeguarding private information and sensitive data, as well as improve the security of client-server communication. Database encryption is a procedure that employs an algorithm to convert data contained in a database into "cipher text," which is incomprehensible until decoded. Homomorphic encryption technology, which works with encrypted data, can be utilized in both symmetric and asymmetric systems. In this paper, we evaluated homomorphic encryption techniques based on recent highly cited articles, as well as compared all database encryption problems and developments since 2018. The benefits and drawbacks of homomorphic approaches were examined over classic encryption methods including Transparent Database Encryption, Column Level Encryption, Field Level Encryption, File System Level Encryption, and Encrypting File System Encryption in this review. Additionally, popular databases that provide encryption services to their customers to protect their data are also examined.