Wikipedia's Balancing Act: A Tool for Collective Intelligence or Mass Surveillance?

Abstract: Wikipedia has evolved beyond its original function as an online encyclopedia in an increasingly complex data-driven society. The social platform is met with a balancing act between collective intelligence and mass surveillance; processes need to be developed to protect individuals and the community from government mass surveillance without sacrificing the important contributions made through prohibited anonymous communication software. Case studies are provided from NSA government surveillance practices, the anti-SOPA legislation movement, and research that covers Wikipedia's involvement with participatory journalism, disinformation, self-censorship, and the use of Tor. This paper proposes that a common ground can be developed between individuals, public and private institutions through future research in socio-cultural anthropology and policy frameworks around data retention and government accountability. Wikipedia is used as an example within the US intelligence community as a complex organisation that can adapt to changes through its iterative nature, which draws insight into how policy frameworks can be future-proofed. Finally, this paper is a wake-up call to individuals, private institutions, and governments to remain vigilant about the storage and use of personal information as a result of contributing to online communities.