Entangled Photons and Phonons via Inter-Modal Brillouin Scattering

Abstract: We explore the possibility of the formation of photon-phonon entangled states in nanoscale wires by exploiting stimulated inter-modal Brillouin scattering of co-propagating photons that belong to distinct spatial optical modes. Inside nanowires, the photon-phonon coupling is significantly enhanced owing to radiation pressure. The Stokes and anti-Stokes processes are decoupled as they involve different phonon modes that lead to symmetry breaking, which results from different phase-matching requirements. For the Stokes process photon-phonon pairs are annihilated or created, in the presence of a classical pump field, and for the anti-Stokes process we obtain coherent oscillations between photons and phonons. The appearance of entangled states can extend the use of nanowires, for example, those made of silicon, into quantum information processing involving photons and phonons in a setup that can be easily integrated into an on-chip network.