Existence of spiky stationary solutions to a mass-conserved reaction-diffusion model

Abstract: We deal with a mass-conserved three-component reaction-diffusion system which is proposed by a model describing the dynamics of wavelike actin polymerization in the macropinocytosis and numerically exhibits dynamical patterns such as annihilation, crossover, and nucleation of pulses (Yochelis-Beta-Giv 2020). In this article we first establish the condition for the diffusion driven instability in the system. Then we rigorously prove the existence of spiky stationary solutions to the system in a bounded interval with the Neumann condition. By numerics these solutions play a crucial role in the nucleation of pulses. Reducing the stationary problem to a scalar second order nonlinear equation with a nonlocal term, we construct the desired solution by converting the equation to an integral equation.