Finite axiomatizability of the rank and the dimension of a pro-$π$ group

Abstract: The Pr\"ufer rank $\mathrm{rk}(G)$ of a profinite group $G$ is the supremum, across all open subgroups $H$ of $G$, of the minimal number of generators $\mathrm{d}(H)$. It is known that, for any given prime $p$, a profinite group $G$ admits the structure of a $p$-adic analytic group if and only if $G$ is virtually a pro-$p$ group of finite rank. The dimension $\dim G$ of a $p$-adic analytic profinite group $G$ is the analytic dimension of $G$ as a $p$-adic manifold; it is known that $\dim G$ coincides with the rank $\mathrm{rk}(U)$ of any uniformly powerful open pro-$p$ subgroup $U$ of $G$. Let $\pi$ be a finite set of primes, let $r \in \mathbb{N}$ and let $\mathbf{r} = (r_p){p \in \pi}, \mathbf{d} = (d_p){p \in \pi}$ be tuples in ${0, 1, \ldots,r}$. We show that there is a single sentence $\sigma_{\pi,r,\mathbf{r},\mathbf{d}}$ in the first-order language of groups such that for every pro-$\pi$ group $G$ the following are equivalent: (i) $\sigma_{\pi,r,\mathbf{r},\mathbf{d}}$ holds true in the group $G$, that is, $G \models \sigma_{\pi,r,\mathbf{r},\mathbf{d}}$; (ii) $G$ has rank $r$ and, for each $p \in \pi$, the Sylow pro-$p$ subgroups of $G$ have rank $r_p$ and dimension $d_p$. Loosely speaking, this shows that, for a pro-$\pi$ group $G$ of bounded rank, the precise rank of $G$ as well as the ranks and dimensions of the Sylow subgroups of $G$ can be recognized by a single sentence in the first-order language of groups.