Higher-order exceptional points in loss-free waveguide arrays with negative-index materials

Abstract: Negative-index materials (NIMs) are shown to support optical anti-parity-time (anti-PT) symmetry even when they are lossless. Here we prove the feasibility in achieving higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in loss-free waveguide arrays by utilizing the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry induced by NIM. Numerical simulation about a third-order EP fits well with the coupled-mode theory. A scheme of achieving fourth-order EPs is also discussed. This work highlights the potential of loss-free NIMs in the study of non-Hermitian optics.