Extended Korteweg-de Vries equation for long gravity waves in incompressible fluid without strong limitation to surface deviation

Abstract: We have derived the extended Korteweg-de Vries equation describing the long gravity waves without limitation to surface deviation. The only restriction to the surface deviation is connected with the stability condition for appropriate solutions. The derivation of extended KdV equation is based on the Euler equations for inviscid irrotational and incompressible fluid. It is shown that the extended KdV equation reduces to standard KdV equation for small amplitude of the waves. We have also generalized the extended KdV equation for describing the decaying effect of the waves. Quasi-periodic and solitary wave solutions for extended KdV equation with decaying effect are found as well. We also demonstrate that the fundamental approach based on the inverse scattering method is applicable for solving the extended KdV equation in the case when decaying effect is negligibly small. Such case always occur for restricted propagation distances of the waves.